In overall farm production, women’s average contribution is estimated at 55% to 66% of the total
labour with percentages much higher in certain regions. The extent of participation of women in different horticultural production system depicts interesting regional differences in India. In North India, women mostly participate in fruits and vegetable processing, flower gardening, ornamental nursery, kitchen gardening and to some extent in vegetable growing. In South India, besides these operations, women also participate in vegetable and flower marketing and nursery technology.
Sixty per cent of women participate in nursery raising, 70% in irrigation of nursery, 60% in lifting of vegetable seedlings from nursery, 50% in planting, 70% in application of manures and fertilizer, 80% in weeding and hoeing, and 80% in post harvest and processing. In addition to their direct participation in food production women’s other contribution to food security includes preservation of biodiversity, ensuring nutritional security of the household, and earning wages for the family. Many researchers remarked that women labour force in India is a reserve pool of helpless labour. The total amount of drudgery undertaken in carrying out rice and wheat cultivation operation by women is significantly higher than that carried out by men.
Women’s share in the division of labour is increasing in many rural areas as men migrate to seek better pay and opportunities (Food and Agriculture Organization, 1998). Farm women’s participation is crucial in various operations such as sowing/transplanting (86%), weeding (84%), storage of grains (78%), land preparation (72%), cleaning seed for sowing (70%), gap filling (68%), manure and fertilizer application (68%), harvesting (64%), and threshing and winnowing (62%). Women also performed the task like breaking the clods during land preparation, carrying manure, sowing seeds, pulling out weeds to hoeing, harvesting crops, and stacking the hay.
As far as efficiency of work is concerned, it is reported that women labourers are more efficient than
men labourers in respect of rice transplanting (16% more), weeding in rice and wheat fields (7-8% more), picking of pearl millet (25% more), and 37% more in picking cotton. They are as efficient as men in use of some potato diggers. Their efficiency in harvesting and processing of tea, coffee, and horticultural crops is well established.
In India women’s role in production, processing and storage of food-grain crop is well known. About 60-70% of labour is provided by women, increasing to 80% in crops such as paddy.
Extracted from AgriGold Swarna Sedyam
labour with percentages much higher in certain regions. The extent of participation of women in different horticultural production system depicts interesting regional differences in India. In North India, women mostly participate in fruits and vegetable processing, flower gardening, ornamental nursery, kitchen gardening and to some extent in vegetable growing. In South India, besides these operations, women also participate in vegetable and flower marketing and nursery technology.
Sixty per cent of women participate in nursery raising, 70% in irrigation of nursery, 60% in lifting of vegetable seedlings from nursery, 50% in planting, 70% in application of manures and fertilizer, 80% in weeding and hoeing, and 80% in post harvest and processing. In addition to their direct participation in food production women’s other contribution to food security includes preservation of biodiversity, ensuring nutritional security of the household, and earning wages for the family. Many researchers remarked that women labour force in India is a reserve pool of helpless labour. The total amount of drudgery undertaken in carrying out rice and wheat cultivation operation by women is significantly higher than that carried out by men.
Women’s share in the division of labour is increasing in many rural areas as men migrate to seek better pay and opportunities (Food and Agriculture Organization, 1998). Farm women’s participation is crucial in various operations such as sowing/transplanting (86%), weeding (84%), storage of grains (78%), land preparation (72%), cleaning seed for sowing (70%), gap filling (68%), manure and fertilizer application (68%), harvesting (64%), and threshing and winnowing (62%). Women also performed the task like breaking the clods during land preparation, carrying manure, sowing seeds, pulling out weeds to hoeing, harvesting crops, and stacking the hay.
As far as efficiency of work is concerned, it is reported that women labourers are more efficient than
men labourers in respect of rice transplanting (16% more), weeding in rice and wheat fields (7-8% more), picking of pearl millet (25% more), and 37% more in picking cotton. They are as efficient as men in use of some potato diggers. Their efficiency in harvesting and processing of tea, coffee, and horticultural crops is well established.
In India women’s role in production, processing and storage of food-grain crop is well known. About 60-70% of labour is provided by women, increasing to 80% in crops such as paddy.
Extracted from AgriGold Swarna Sedyam
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